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Most small-scale millet and sorghum farmers do not use recommended rates of mineral fertilizers. Those who so usually apply too little fertilizer by surface broadcasting, an inefficient approach. Risk of crop failure due to drought further discourages investment in fertilizer. As a result, insufficient nutrient replenishment and gradual soil fertility decline takes place, driving a vicious cycle where unproductive land …
Availability of water is one of the main constraints to dryland agriculture, and recent declines in rainfall and changes of precipitation patterns caused by climate change severely jeopardize food security. To enhance yields and resilience of crops across Africa’s semi-arid areas, it is of major importance that soils intercept maximum available rainwater, and that surface runoff is minimized. Contour Bunding …
Diminishing productivity of natural pastures and rangelands across African drylands due to overgrazing, soil degradation and climate change, coupled with increasing livestock numbers, increases the importance of crop residues used as animal feeds. Traditional varieties of millet and sorghum are unable to satisfy demands for food and feed at the same time as they do not have a favorable ratio …
The yield of millet and sorghum in Africa remain far below attainable levels, and communities growing the crops are some of the most food insecure and malnourished on the continent. One of the primary causes of this problem is limited access to new varieties that are high yielding, bio-fortified, and withstand drought, heat, and pests. Recent surveys demonstrate that new …
Fish processing refers to the processes associated with fish and their products from the times they are harvested to when they are offered to consumers. Fish is a highly perishable food that requires proper handling and preservation to extend its shelf-life and retain its desirable taste and nutritional value. Processing technologies also add value to fish products by improving their …
Integrated aquaculture involves linking two or more farming activities where at least one is related to fish-farming. This integration offers opportunity through interlocking production systems and recycle of farm waste, which provides households with additional protein. The basic principle of aquaculture and agriculture integration entails that water and sediment from the pond goes onto the crop for irrigation and fertilization, …
Aquaculture production in Sub-Saharan Africa is constrained by the high price of suitable fish feeds. Between 60% and 70% of operating expenses by fish farmers go to feed input because their ingredients are either imported or blended overseas. For this reason, formulation, and manufacturing of affordable fish feed in Africa is an integral part of creating more profitable fish farming …
An in-pond raceway system is a sophisticated aquaculture technology where optimal water chemistry is ensured by maintaining interrupted water flow and waste disposal management, allowing for a high density of fish stocking. Traditional fish farming is land and labor intensive. For instance, catfish farming in static ponds typically yields only 4,500 to 5,500 kg ha-1. Production is more efficient and …